Composite covering and flashing for roofs and the like



Jan. 27, 1942. H. 1.. MARTINUS 2,271,143

COMPOSITE COVERING AND FLASHING FOR RQOFS AND THE LIKE Filed June 12, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. L. MARTINUS COMPOSITE COVERING AND FLASHING FOR ROOFS AND THE LIKE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 12. 1940 Jan. 27, 1942. v H. L. MARTINUS COMPOSITE COVERING AND FLASHING FOR ROOFS AND-THE LIKE Filed June 12, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jain. 27,1942. H. -L.. MARTINUS COMPOSITE COVERING AND FLASIHING FOR ROOFS AND THE'LIKE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 12, 1940 1 mwx/m Patented Jan. 27, 1942 COMPOSITE COVERING ND FLASHING FO ROOFS AND THE LIKE Hans L. Martinus, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Gunnar Mortenson, Chicago, 111.

Application June 12,1940, Serial No. 340,153

4 Claims.

respective layers applied to the roof andto the lower portions of the walls to form the flashing.

The invention is directed in general to any covering adapted to be applied either to subsurface structures such as foundations, basement floors, tunnels, posts and the like wherever it is desired to effectively obstruct moisture and other destructive elements.

My invention is further directed to a method or system of laying successively in overlapping relation either on a roof or any sub-structure a plurality of felt sheets first to form one or more layers, thence laying metal fabric or wire mesh sheets in similar relative super position, and thence laying one or more sheets upon the previously laid felt and wire mesh layers in the manner described, in combination with the embodiment of certain edge layers with respect to the gutters and valleys; and is further directed to the novel flashing construction hereinafter described.

It is therefore one of the objects of my invention to provide a flashing construction in which portions of the edge superposed strips adjacent the corner formed by the parapet or other wall are placed and extended upwardly along such wall and thence double back against such vertically extending portions and suitably secured as by nailing or the like, and in which one of the applied layers so placed is a metal fabric or wire mesh. It is an object of my invention to provide a construction of roof and fiashings in which the bonded layers include a layer of metal fabric or wire mesh, said wire mesh forming a means to prevent tearing away of the edge of the fiashthereof.

be securely nailed both to the roof deck and to the flashing walls.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a combination and arrangement of successively applied felt layers, each successive layer consisting of a plurality of successively applied similar felt layers whose edges are in overlapping relation, and in which one of the intermediate layers consist of a metal fabric or wir mesh and all of which layers are bonded together by suitable mopping material.

A further object of my invention is the provision of the water proof covering constructions for any underground or aboveground structure which is built up of superposed layers of felt or similar material and which includes an intermediate metal fabric placed upon one of the felt layers and impregnated with plastic material and thereby is bonded both to the layers beneath and above it, and in which the edge portions of the composite structure including the intermediate metal fabric has been bent and suitably secured to either a wall or base surface by nails or equivalent fastening means to securely hold the water proof composite covering in place.

Other and further important objects of my invention will be apparent from the following description and accompanying claims.

-On the drawings:

Fig. 1 is. a perspective view with parts broken away of a portion of a roof with parapet walls and illustrating the construction of my roofing and flashing construction.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a portion of an inclined roof with attached gutter and illustrating the manner in which the respective layers are mounted upon the roof in edge-overlapping re-' lation. Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross section view of flashing of my novel construction.

Fig. 4 is an "enlarged and fragmentary view showing one of the preferred forms of composite roofing construction including the-intermediate metal fabric layer bonded therein.

Fig. 5 is a cross section view of the edge portion of the roof and attached gutter illustrating the manner in which certain layers of my composite roof construction are mounted upon and with respect to the gutter and hangers.

Fig. 6 is a reduced cross section view illustrating a typical tunnel and illustrating in cross section a composite layer or covering bonded in the base thereof and about the exterior surface Fig. '7 is a fragmentary cross section view illustrating a corner of a basement foundation showing the composite covering mounted in the floor and foundation and upon the exterior surface of the foundation.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary cross section view somewhat similar to that of Fig. 3 illustrating one preferred form in which only the undermost layer and the adjacent metal fabric layer are doubled back and upon the corner surfaces to form a novel flashing.

Fig. 9 is a vertical cross sectional view illustrating a fragment of a parapet wall and having a plurality of felt layers nailed thereto with the fabric layer and undermost felt layer doubled back and downwardly in substantially the manner also illustrated in Fig. 3.

This invention (in preferred forms) is illustrated and described in the following specification and claims.

Referring to Fig. 1, which is a perspective view of a portion of a roof with parts exposed and broken away, reference numerals I8 and II designate parapet walls which may be either at a right angle or any other angle to each other and forming a corner as is conveniently found in roofs of various types of buildings. Numeral IIa designates the capping. The parapets III and II are built up and form extensions of the regular walls of the building indicated by numeral Ilia, and which are usually built to form a suitable inwardly extending shoulder upon which conventional spaced apart joists, beams or struts I3 are positioned to form a super for the roof deck.

The roof deck usually consists of the adjacently placed boards [2 placed edge to edge and suitably nailed to the joists I8. Numeral I4 designates a typical metal gutter which has one of the integral edges angularly bent to form a nailing flange I la and which is nailed to the edge board of the roof as indicated. A plurality of suitably metal strap hangers Mb are provided,

one end of each of which are preferably nailed to the deck edge although over and upon the first layer of roofing felt and upon the wire fabric or m'esh laid thereover. The edge of the lowermost felt layer is suitably mopped or secured by any suitable plastic composition upon the upper surface of the nailing flange Ila of the gutter I4, as indicated at the lower right of Fig. 1.

My novel method of forming a flashing construction with respect to the deck and the upwardly extending curbing or parapet walls may be practiced in connection with any one of a large number of different types of rooflngs. That is, the number of felt, paper or fibrous layers may be varied to suit practically any desired grade or weight of roof, all according to the durability, lasting qualities and weather requirements which may be desired.

The first step in the laying of a roof embodying my novel features of construction is that a felt layer I6 of desired weight and thickness is laid upo'n the roof deck and the edge portions designated as I1 thereof first placed firmly into the corner formed at the juncture of the parapet wall I and the roof deck, the surface of the lower portion of the parapet wall I Ii preferably having first been suitably mopped with pitch or tar or mixtures thereof. The edge portions II of the layer I6 are temporarily placed against the vertical wall surfaces and extending upwardly a distance suflicient to permit such edge portions to be later turned down and doubled back and secured to form an important feature of my construction. As stated, the outer lateral edge is permitted to extend over and lie upon the nailing flange Ila of gutter I4 to which such edge is suitably bonded by suitable cement or other composition.

I then mop the entire surface of the first layer both upon the deck surface and upon those portions II of the upwardly extending felt which lie between the corners and the lines defining the uppermost or doubled back edge of the flashing to be formed. I then take a roll of flat, relatively thin wire mesh I8 of strength gauged by the roof requirement, the holes through which are amply large to permit easy inflow of the layer of mopping placed thereon, and place same flat on the felt I6 previously mounted, and likewise bend and force it into the comers formed by the juncture of the deck and upwardly extending walls. The outer edge areas of the mesh or wire fabric are permitted to extend upwardly and lie against the flashing" portions of the felt previously laid. The strips of wire fabric are layed with adjacent edges overlapped for two inches. 1

I then amply mop the upper surface of the fabric or mesh layer with tar or pitch of relatively thin consistency, allow the same to substantially impregnate the mesh and thereby bond the same to the lower felt layer. The outer edge portion of the wire mesh I8 along the gutter is placed to overlay the nailing flange of the gutter and the felt thereover.

As an alternative of the last mentioned step, the wire mesh or fabric may be first placed directly on the dry upper surface of the first layer I 8, whereafter a melted mopping of tar or the like is applied to the wire mesh to impregnate same and bond it to the felt layer I6.

I then lay one or more layers of suitable felt, which in Fig. 1 are shown as one unit or layer I9, according to the requirements and durability of roof sought, upon the tar coating or mopping previously applied to the wire fabric and likewise extend the edge or flashing portions Isa thereof upwardly and against the under layer of felt I6 and the wire mesh I8. Inasmuch as the mopping coat has been applied to the flashing portions up to a height or path defining the height or the uppermost doubled edge of the flashing to be formed, it will be apparent that the layers of felt on opposite sides of the wire mesh will be bonded together and to the wire mesh or fabric by the mopping composition over both the entire deck surface as well as over the lower parts of the edge portions II which have been placed vertically against the upwardly extending walls, that is, as high as it is desired that the flnished flashing shall be. The extreme edge portions of the flashing portions I9a of the outer layer or layers of felt I9 are either temporarily allowed to extend upward to be later doubled back and secured as shown in Fig. 3, or may be cut off along a longitudinal line indicated by numeral 28, which line will lie under the crease as the final nailing hereinafter described will satisfactorily secure the flashing.

I then bend downward the outermost uncoated or unmopped edge portions 20 of the felt layers narrow outermost edge portion or integral \strip 2I consisting of a part of felt layer I8 and wire fabric strip I8a are placed fiat on the deck layers whose surface has preferably been mopped, and

this stripis nailed at spaced apart intervals to I cause the nail heads to engage the wire fabric or mesh itself to firmly secure the superposed portions and I8a, in secured positions such as illustrated in Fig. 3. The wire or metal mesh screen orfabric thereby acts similarly to a washer toeifectively prevent any of the edges to be torn up and away from the firmly anchored nails themselves, as is often the case in ordinary roofs.

Referring to Figs."3 and 8, it will be noted that the lowermost layer of felt or the like I5 is first laid on the roof deck and upwardly along the vertical wall surface being mopped with tar or the like as high as it is desired to form the flashing; that the woven wire mesh or metal fabric I8 is laid thereover and secured both to said felt layer I5 and to the felt layer above it designated as I9b by application of melted composition of tar, pitch or similar material, and

that successive layers of felt or the like of a desired weight I90 and I9d are similarly laid over and upon felt layer I91) and bonded to it and to each other by successive moppings of tar, pitch or other suitable plastic composition applied in plastic consistency, heated or otherwise.

In the form of flashing construction illustrated in Fig. 3, the extreme edge portions of the adjacent felt layers I9b, I90 and I9d and wire mesh layer I8 are turned and doubled back along a longitudinal edge which forms the upper edge of the flashing and pressed into the corner formed by the juncture of the roof deck and wall and extended a short distance flat over the deck surface as indicated. When this is done the upwardly extending portion I5a is temporarily permitted to extend upwardly thereby exposing the under surface of the metal fabric or wire mesh layer I8 whereupon a plurality of nails 22 are driven in spaced apart positions along the doubled back upper edge of the flashing to securely hold the same to the parapet or vertical wall surface, and also a plurality of nails or equivalent fastening means 23 are driven in spaced apart relation along the outermost edge of the metal fabric I8 and doubled back portions of layers I917, I90 and I9d. In doing this, the nail heads impinge against the wire fabric and act similar to a washer and prevent the tearing up and tearing away of the felt layers beneath the wire mesh and fabric I8 both along the exterior outer edge of the flashing and along the upper rounded edge held by nails 22.

Thereafter I apply a layer of suitable plastic composition or cementitious material such as dope upon the upper rounded edge of the flashing and against the adjacent wall surface to form the weather proof seal 24. The layer or seal 24 will prevent water, moisture and dirt from entering behind the flashing.

After the'back turned portion I8a of metal fabric I8 has been nailed as stated, the extending edge portions I5a of the layer I5 is bonded to the surface of the metal fabric by mopping to form a protective coating for both said metal fabric and the exposed portions of the nails 22 and 23.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 9, the flashing therein shown is constructed similarly to that which has been described with reference to Fig. 3 with the exception that in this embodiment, the upper felt layers I91), I90 and I9d are cut off and terminate along a longitudinal line which substantially defines the upper edge of the flashing to be formed. In such instances, only the outer edge portion I80, of the metal fabric I8 is doubled back against the side wall, nailed by a plurality of nails 22, pressed into the corner as previously described and also nailed along its lateral edge by a plurality of nails 23. Thereafter, a suitable coating or mopping is applied to the turned back edge portion I8a of the metal fabric I8 and the edge portion I5a is doubled back and laid upon the turned back and secured portions of the metal fabric layer to thereby form a protective covering for both the driven nails and the said metal-fabric layer I8. In this instance, it is desirable to form the back turned felt layer I5a longer and to extend its lateral edge down over the lateral edge of the doubled back portion I8a of the metal fabric and to bond said extending and longer lateral edge I50. to the uppermost layer of the roof deck by mopping with suitable meltable composition such as tar or the like.

Fig. 5 illustrates a cross sectional view taken on lines 55 of Fig. 1 in a perpendicular plane. It will be noted that numeral 26 designates a pair of wood screws which pass through the apertures of the anchoring portion of the metal hanger 21, that the lowermost felt layer I5 lies flat on the deck and that its edge lies over the edge of the L gutter, and that the wire fabric or mesh I8 lies each anchoring hanger 2T overlies the metal or,

wire fabric I8 as indicated to securely hold said lower felt layer I5 and metal fabric I8 from ripping or being torn 'or moved/ upwardly by any cause whatever. The next two or more layers, 1. e. layers I91), I and Ifid, of felt which are bonded and mopped in the previously described manner lie over and upon the metal fabric I8 though being recessed at the spaced apart points where the anchoring portion of the metal hangers 21 lie, though between said recesses such layers extend over and upon the flange of the gutter I4.. The uppermost layer of felt I8d, which is laid upon a layer of suitable mopping of tar or the like and placed over the previous felt layer I 90 is extended entirely over and upon the anchoring portions of the metal hangers 21 and the lateral edges of the felt layer I9d is suitably cemented and bonded by a meltable composition or a fluxed cold cementitious material to the upper surface of the downwardly extending or inclined wall of the gutter I4 and also to the inclined portion of the respective metal hangers 21 at the points where such layer I911 overlies such hangers, as indicated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 2 discloses the roof deck with deck boards I2, transverse joists I3 having at the deck edge designated as numeral I5 with reference to the other views herein being necessarily composed of a plurality of felt pieces illustrated as A, B and C, the lower edge of strip B overlapping strip A and the lower edge of strip or piece B and so on,

according to the roof area, necessitating a plurality of strips to form one felt layer. The respective overlapping edges are nailed together and to the roof deck by spaced apart nails 38 as shown.

|8 designates the wire mesh or metal fabric which is layed in successive strips extending across the roof, said metal fabric strips having their adjacent edges overlapping relation; for about two inches. Thereupon an adequate coating or layer of tar, pitch or the like is applied to the metal fabric, part thereof impregnating the fabric and bondingsame to the first felt layer.

A relatively narrower edge reinforcing strip 31 of suitable felt (depending upon whether the roof is to be two, three or four ply) is applied along the edge of the roof by first applying a mopping or coating of suitable tar, pitch or the like to the surface of the felt strip A, and the outer lateral edge of strip 31 is mounted so that the said edge overlies the nailing flange Me of the gutter l4 and also overlies the nailed outer edge of the strip A. Said extended edge projects outwardly and is bonded to the downwardly inclined portion of the gutter by suitable plastic or cementitious material in substantially the manner illustrated in cross section in Fig. 5. Thereupon the successive layer of felt is applied by successively laying a plurality of strips thereof designated as l9b as indicated in Fig. 2 the lowermost being placed over the previously layed edge strip 31. The lower portion of each proceeding strip I9!) is applied so that it overlies the upper part of the preceding strip, this dependent upon felt, and including at leastone intermediate layer of metal or wire fabric or mesh similar to fabric I8, that is, made in accordance with the description herein with reference to Fig. 4. This composite layer 3| is laid or built flat upon the base or floor surface, preferably by first suitably mopping the upper surface 'of the foundation and successively laying and bonding the felt layers and the intermediate metal or wire fabric l8 substantially as is taught by my description with reference to other views of the drawings hereof. It is to be understood that the number of layers, thickness, weight and quality of the felt or fibrous material used and thickness and quantity of mopping may be varied through a wide range according to the requirements and durability sought. The extreme lateral edge portions designated as 3|a are preferably extended beyond the side walls of the tunnel for later attachment-and bonding to the covering of the side walls and to form an effective seal.

When this composite water-proof layer 3| has been formed upon the floor of the tunnel or other equivalent structure, the usual forms are assembled to form the side walls 32 and ceiling 33, and an upper floor layer 301) as an integral whether the resultant layer is to be a double ply, triple ply, etc.

Numbers I81), I80, |8d and |8e designate respective sheets or strips of wire mesh or metal fabric which are first placed in the overlapping relative positions and manner illustrated in Fig. 2 and bonded to the first felt layer l5 which comprises a plurality of felt strips or pieces such as A, B and C by'adequate application of a melted composition such as tar, pitch or other suitable cementitious material which when applied impregnates it and bonds it to the first felt layer l5. Thereafter, one or more layers of felt or other suitable material is applied in similar manner to form the desired weight and thickness of the roof covering. I

Fig. 6 is a view illustrating a vertical cross section of a typical tunnel which may assume any one of numerous shapes, forms and sizes.

Number 28 designates a suitable fill such as cinders, crushed stone or the like below the foundation 29 upon which a substantial horizontal floor or foundation 30 is constructed of concrete, which floor is preferably reinforced with either substantially strong metal fabric or metal reinforcing bars 33a spaced apart to meet the desired requirements. The lower layer of the floor, base or foundation 30 is completed, a composite construction consisting of a plurality of bonded together layers 3| of material such as unit is formed by the pouring in of suitable concrete mix within the spaces defined by the forms and into which preferably'the required metal reinforcing bars 30a have been mounted in the usual manner. When the tunnel proper has been formed or cast in any one of presently known methods by use of any durable material presently used in tunnel construction, the exterior surface of the side walls of whatever shape they may assume, as well as the exterior surface of the ceiling 33 of the tunnel, are amply mopped with suitable water-proof material such as tar or pitch or bituminous composition. I then build upon' the mopped exterior surface of the tunnel and upon the sides thereof and extending to the foundation a composite construction of covering 3| similar to that herein described with reference to roofs or roof coverings and other views herein which composite covering constructions 3| as before described may embody first a felt layer l5 of the desired weight upon the mopped exterior surface of the tunnel, thence placing the wire fabric or mesh I8 of desired weight and size upon the mopped felt surface; thence mopping the surface of the fabric mesh so that the waterproof and bonding composition impregnates the metal or wire fabric and bonds the wire fabric to the felt layer already mounted, and thence successively laying upon such mopping coating of the wire mesh l8 one or more layers of felt such as I91), I and |9d of the desired weight, at the same time placing a mopping or coating of suitable water-proof composition between each of said successive layers of felt. This waterproofing composite covering 3| provides a metal reinforced water-proof coating or covering for the tunnel and will greatly prolong its durability and life and will prevent seepage of moisture through the concrete or-composition wall of the tunnel itself.

To form an effective seal against moisture at the corner or junctures of the lower edges of the side wall covering 3| with the projecting lateral edge portions 3|a of the composite coating 3| built into the floor as before described, I preferably split the lower lateral edges of the said side wall coating by tearing away for a short distance the edge portion of those layers of felt l9b, |9c and IM (or whatever their number) side wall covering 3| and secure the same together by applying an adequate coating of cementitious material such as tar, pitch or the like, after which the outer layer or layers forming the lower edges of the tunnel side wall covering are pressed against the mopping or coating of ce-' mentitious material applied to said overlapping metal fabric and a further coating or mopping of tar, pitch or other cementitious material applied to the exterior surface of said pressed back edge portions and to the corner formed at the juncture of the side wall composite covering and said intermediate layer of said floor.

After the tunnel has been surrounded and sealed by the composite coating or covering 3| in the described manner, and if the tunnel is a sub-surface structure, suitable fill such as rock, cinders, soil, etc. is placed to desired level.

It is within the scope of my invention to change the order of application in mounting of One or more felt layers to the exterior surface of the tunnel, namely that the felt layers may be applied and bonded first on the tunnel surface and the metal fabric l8 applied as the outermost layer after which such metal fabric maybe adequately impregnated and coated by the application of tar, pitch or other cementitious material. This last mentioned construction is particularly de-' sirable in that it protects the felt layers against puncturing when rough fill such as rocks or the like are dropped upon the tunnel surface.

Referring to Fig. 7-, numeral 34 designates the lower foundation footings which are first formed or cast in the soil and numeral 35 designates the sub-floor layer which may be cast and formed either simultaneously with or subsequent to the foundation footing. The upper surface of the sub-floor layer 35 is preferably formed on an even plane with the upper surface of the subfoundation footings 84, and thereupon a composite layer designated as 3| is laid and built upon the said fiat surface in the manner hereinbefore described, namely by the laying of a plurality of felts or fibrous material successively upon each other and preferably with overlapped edges each portions of the upper surface of each layer being mopped, and also including an intermediate layer of suitable wire mesh or metal fabric l8 between adjacent felt layers.

Thereafter the vertical foundation walls 36 usually of reinforced concrete, are formed between suitable forms of wood or the like, which forms upon settling are removed, and thereafter the vertical exterior surface of the foundation wall is protected with a composite construction and covering 3| such as has been previously described, as for example by first mopping the exterior surface of the-foundation walls and thence successively, laying and bonding togetherone or more suitable felt layers; and an intermediate or exterior wire or metal fabric l8. J

The lower edge of each of the side wall coatings or coverings 3| are secured and sealed together with the respective adjacent outwardly projecting edge, portions of the intermediate layer 3| which is built. into the floor which has just been described and such securance and sealin; may be similar to that described with referends ofsaid fastening elements, and a composition seal on the upper edge surface of said ence to the lower edges ofthe side wall covering ll of Fig. 6. v

This composite water-proof coating or covering extends to a point preferably above the normal soil lever, and provides an effective waterproof and insulating seal and coating for the foundation. The water-proof 'layer aforedescribed in the floor provides a water-prooflng and insulating seal against moisture from below the floor itself. If the vertical foundation walls are formed as indicated, the upper floor layer of concrete or reinforced concreteis formed upon t e composite water-proof layer to the desired 1.- ickness, as indicated in Fig. 7.

Various changes may be made in the embodiment of the invention herein specifically described without departing from or sacrificing any of the advantages of..the invention or. any features theerof, and nothing herein shall be construed as limitations upon the invention, its concept or structural embodiment as to the. whole or any part thereof.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a roofing and flashing construction, a plurality of bonded, together fibrous substantially water-proof felt layers, each layer being composed of a plurality of adjacent sheets placed with their edge portions overlapping each other; coatings of cementitious material between said respective felt layers and constituting the bonding means; a

wire mesh or fabric layer in said composite construction and bonded to one or more of said felt layers; a coating of cementitious material for securing said wire fabric toa felt layer; certain of said felt layers and the bonded wire fabric layer being extended upwardly along the surface of an upwardly extending wall and being doubled back along such walls to form a water-proof flashing the lowermost layer thereby exposing one surface thereof to become the outermost layer of the flashing; and fastening elements extending from beneath the outer layer through said doubled back layer and secured in said wall for securing the upper edge said flashing to said wall the downwardly doubled back exteriorly exposed portion of the bottommost layer being secured over and covering and protecting the outermost doubled back flashing. I

2; In combination with roof coverings composed of a plurality of cemented layers of waterproof material, a flashing construction composed of a plurality of cemented together waterproof sheets and of an intermediate wire fabric layer; said bonded together felt layers and saidwire fabric layer. extending upwardly along a wall surface and said wire fabric. sheet and the innermost of said felt layers being doubled back and downwardly and bent at an angle, the portion so bent fitting into the corner juncture of the roof deck and walls so that the outermost lateral edge portions of said doubled back areas of said wire fabricsheet and said felt layer lie horizontally upon the flat portion of the roof; and a plurality of nails driven through said doubled back wire fabric layer of said flashing edge for securing said flashing with respect to the side wall, said double back portion of said doubled back felt layer covering and protecting said nails.

3. In combination with a roof covering composed of a plurality of cemented layers of waterproof material, a flashing construction composed of a plurality of cemented together water-proof sheets and of an intermediate wire fabric layer; said bonded together felt layers and said wire fabric layer extending upwardly along wall sur-I faces, and said wire fabric sheet and one or more of said ieit layers being doubled back and downwardiy and bent atan angle :iitting into the corner juncture of the roof deck and walls; and a plurality of fastening nails driven through all layers of said doubled back flashing edge except the outermost layer thereof, said nails securing said flashing with respect to the side wall, seid outermost flashing layer being extended over said nails and downwardly to protect said nails; a strip of cementitious material on the doubled back upper flashing edge and forming a weatherproof seal between it and the adjacent wall sur faces, and securing means ior holding the extreme bent edge portion of said portion in position upon the roof deck covering.

4. In combination with root covering composed of a plurality of cemented layers of waterproof material, said layers being composed of a plurality of overlapping sheets, a flashing construction composed of a plurality of cemented together water-proof sheets, a wire fabric layer and a bonding composition; said bonded together felt layers and said wire fabric layer extending upwardly along a wall surface, and said wire fabric sheet and one of said :telt layers being doubled back along a longitudinal line above the juncture of the root endupward wall and extending downwardly and again bent at an angle and along a longitudinal line to term a gradual corner portion fitting into the corner juncture of the root deck and walls; and a plurality of tastening nails driven through said doubled back wire fabric and three sheets behind some at points adjacent said first fold for securing said to engage the roof deck; the extreme edge of the doubled back portion of said flashing being thereby secured to the rooi'deck covering, said deckengaging neilsbeing covered by the outermost edge portions of said originally undermost layer.

' HANS L. MARI'INUS. 

